Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-IPC ne-HMI

Ukuqalisa

Emafektri anamuhla ahlakaniphile, sivame ukubona isimo se-PC ye-Industrial PC (IPC) kanye nesibonisi somshini womuntu (HMI) sisebenza ndawonye. Cabanga, emigqeni yokukhiqiza yezimoto, ngochwepheshe ngokuqapha isikhathi sangempela se-HMI yesimo sokusebenza kwemishini, lungisa amapharamitha okukhiqiza, ngenkathi i-IPC ekusebenzeni kwesizinda esiseduze kwezinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-automation, icubungula inani elikhulu lemininingwane yokukhiqiza. Ngakho-ke, umehluko muni phakathi kwe-IPC ne-HMI? Lo mbhalo uzohlaziya umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili, ukusiza abafundi ukuthi bakhethe ukukhetha okufanelekile kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni.

YiniI-PC yezimboni (IPC)?

Umqondo Oyisisekelo: "Ikhompyutha" Yezimboni

I-PC yezimboni (i-PC yezimboni, ebizwa ngokuthi yi-IPC) ekwakhiweni kwe-Hardware kanye nokusetshenziswa kwethu kwansuku zonke, amakhompyutha we-Desktop anokufana okuningi, futhi ama-rams (RAM), kanye nezici ezahlukahlukene zesoftware. Imisebenzi Efanayo Yesoftware. Kodwa-ke, ama-IPC asondele kakhulu kubalawuli be-logic abahlelekile (ama-PLCs) ngokuya ngamakhono okuhlela. Ngoba bagijimela endaweni yesikhulumi se-PC, abalawuli be-IPC banememori eningi kanye nama-processors anamandla ngaphezu kwama-PLCs kanye nabalawuli abasebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo (PACS).

I-Rugged: Yakhelwe Izindawo Ezinokhahlo

I-IPC ihlukaniswe kwi-PC ejwayelekile yimvelo yayo "egobile". Ihambisana nezimo ezinokhahlo njengamaphansi efektri, ingamelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu, umswakama ophezulu, ukucasuka kwamandla, nokushaqeka kwemishini nokudlidliza. Idizayini yayo egoqwe nayo ingamelana nothuli olukhulu, umswakama, imfucumfucu, kanye nezinga elithile lokulimala komlilo.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-IPC kwaqala ngeminyaka yama-1990s lapho abathengisi be-automation bezama ukusebenzisa isoftware yokulawula kuma-PRS ajwayelekile asetshenziselwe izinkinga ezifana nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingazinzile kanye nehardware enezimboni. Namuhla, ubuchwepheshe be-IPC bufikile isikhathi eside, ngezinhlelo ezizinzile zokusebenza, i-Hardware eqinile, futhi abanye abakhiqizi bakhiqize izinhlelo ezenziwe ngezifiso ze-IPC ngemvelo ye-automating System, ebeka phambili imisebenzi yokulawula (efana nokukhipha indawo) ohlelweni lokusebenza.

Izici zeI-PC yezimboni

Idizayini engenamsindo: Ama-PC ajwayelekile ezentengiso avame ukuncika kubalandeli bangaphakathi ukuze bashise ukushisa, futhi abalandeli bayingxenye yokwehluleka kakhulu yekhompyutha. Ngenkathi abalandeli bedonsa umoya, futhi futhi bathwala othulini nakwabanye abangcoliso abangaqongelela futhi bangeze izinkinga zokunciphisa ukushisa, okuholela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kohlelo noma ukwehluleka kwehadiwe. I-IPC isebenzisa umklamo we-heatietary we-heatrink eqhuba ukushisa ebhodini lomama nezinye izingxenye zangaphakathi ezibucayi ku-chassis, lapho ihlelwa khona lapho kutholakala khona ngokusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinothuli nezinolawo.

Izakhi zebanga lezimboni: I-IPC isebenzisa izakhi zebanga lezimboni eziklanyelwe ukuhlinzeka ngokwethembeka okuphezulu nesikhathi. Lezi zingxenye zikwazi ukusebenza ngehora elingu-7

Okuhle kakhulu: I-IPC iyakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene efana ne-automation ye-Factory, ukutholwa kwedatha okukude, nokuqapha. Izinhlelo zalo zingenziwa ngezifiso kakhulu ukufeza izidingo zephrojekthi. Ngaphezu kwehardware ethembekile, inikeza izinsizakalo ze-OEM njengokufaka uphawu kwangokwezifiso, izibuko kanye ne-bios ngokwezifiso.

Idizayini ephakeme nokusebenza: yakhelwe ukuphatha izindawo ezinokhahlo, ama-IPC angamukela ububanzi bokushisa obubanzi bokusebenza futhi amelane nezinhlayiya zomoya. Ama-PC amaningi wezimboni ayakwazi ukusebenza kwehora elingu-7 × 24 ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhethekile ezikhethekile.

Rich I o Izinketho kanye nokusebenza: Ukuze uxhumane ngempumelelo nezinzwa, ama-PLC, i-IPC, i-IPC ifakwe okucebile kwe-I application ngaphandle kwesidingo noma ama-dongles angeziwe.

I-Long Lifycycle: Akukona nje kuphela ukuthi i-IPC ethembeke kakhulu futhi ihlala isikhathi eside, futhi inomkhiqizo omude womkhiqizo ovumela izinhlangano ukuthi zisebenzise imodeli efanayo yekhompyutha kuze kube yiminyaka emihlanu ngaphandle kwezicelo.

Yini i-HMI?

Ukuchazwa nokusebenza: Ibhuloho "phakathi kwendoda nomshini

Isibonisi somshini womuntu (HMI) yisibonisi lapho opharetha exhumana nalowo olawula. Nge-HMI, opharetha angabheka isimo somshini olawulwayo noma inqubo, shintsha izinhloso zokulawula ngokulungisa izilungiselelo zokulawula, futhi ngesandla ukuze uthole imisebenzi yokulawula okuzenzakalelayo uma kwenzeka kusebenza ngokuphuthumayo.

Izinhlobo zesoftware: amazinga ahlukene "ezikhungweni zemiyalo"

Isoftware ye-HMI imvamisa ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili eziyisisekelo: izinga lomshini kanye nokugada. Isoftware ye-Machine-Level yakhiwa emishini yeleveli yomshini ngaphakathi kwesikhungo sezitshalo futhi inesibopho sokuphatha ukusebenza kwamadivayisi ngamanye. Isoftware ye-HMI ye-Supervisory isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko emakamelweni okulawula izitshalo, futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa ku-scada (uhlelo lokulawulwa kokutholwa kwedatha kanye nokufinyelela okuphansi kwempahla), lapho kutholwa khona idatha ye-Shop-Floormet), lapho kudluliswa khona imininingwane ephakathi nendawo ukuze icubungule. Ngenkathi izinhlelo eziningi zisebenzisa uhlobo olulodwa lwe-software ye-HMI kuphela, ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zisebenzisa zombili, okuthi, ngenkathi zibiza kakhulu, ziqeda uhlelo lwe-System futhi zinciphise izindleko zesikhathi eside.

Ukuhlangana okuqinile phakathi kwe-Hardware ne-software

Isoftware ye-HMI ivame ukuqhutshwa yi-Hardware ekhethiwe, efana ne-terminal ebonakalayo yo-opharetha (OIT), idivaysi esekwe kwi-PC, noma i-PC eyakhelwe ngaphakathi. Ngalesi sizathu, ubuchwepheshe be-HMI kwesinye isikhathi bubizwa ngokuthi ama-opharetha opharetha (OTS), indawo yokuxhumana yendawo (Lois), ama-opharetha aphathwe (ama-opharetha), noma indawo yomshini womnyango (i-MMIS). Ukukhetha i-Hardware efanele kuvame ukwenza lula ukuthuthukiswa kwe-software ye-HMI.

HMI vs.I-IPC: Uyini umehluko?

Processor nokusebenza: umehluko wamandla

Ama-IPC afakwe ama-processor asebenza kahle, njenge-Intel Core i uchungechunge, namanani amakhulu wememori. Ngoba bagijima endaweni yesikhulumi se-PC, ama-IPC anamandla okucubungula amaningi kanye nesitoreji esithe xaxa nendawo yememori. Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-HMIS isebenzisa kakhulu i-CPUS ye-CPUS ephansi ngoba idinga kuphela ukwenza imisebenzi ethile, efana nomsebenzi owodwa womshini noma umsebenti wokuqapha, futhi awudingi ukubeka amandla amaningi okusetshenzwa ukuze usebenzise enye i-software noma ama-control tasks. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abakhiqizi be-HMI badinga ukukala ukusebenza nezindleko ukufeza ibhalansi efanelekile yokuklama kwehadiwe.

Ekhombisa: Usayizi wenza umehluko

Ama-IPC avame ukuhlolelwa imibukiso emikhulu engakhombisa imininingwane eminingi ngasikhathi sinye, ukuhlinzeka opharetha ngenkundla ebanzi yokubuka. Usayizi wokubonisa wendabuko we-HMI uncane, imvamisa phakathi kwamasentimitha amane namasentimitha ayi-12, yize abanye abakhiqizi be-HMI manje sengiqala ukuhlinzeka ngezikrini ezinkulu zezicelo ezisezingeni eliphakeme.

Ukuxhumana Kwezokuxhumana: Umehluko ngokuvumelana nezimo

I-IPC ihlinzeka ngengcebo yezindawo zokuxhumana, kufaka phakathi amachweba amaningi e-USB, amachweba amabili ethernet kanye namachweba noma ama-serial, okwenza kube lula ukuxhuma kwihardware, futhi kube lula ukuzivumelanisa nezidingo zokwanda kwezicelo zesikhathi esizayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-IPC esekwe kwi-PC isebenza njengethuluzi lokubuka elinganikezwa kalula kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuxhumana kanye nokusebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza. Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-HMI yendabuko ayivumelanayo kalula ngenxa yokuncika kwayo kwimigomo ethile yokuxhumana kanye nesoftware yohlelo lokusebenza.

Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezobuchwepheshe: Umehluko ebunzimeni

Ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, isidingo sokunwetshwa kwehadiwe siyanda. Kulokhu, ukunwetshwa kwe-hardware ye-IPC kulula futhi kubiza kakhulu. Nge-HMI, uma udinga ukushintsha umphakeli we-Hardware, ngokuvamile awukwazi ukuthutha ngokuqondile iphrojekthi yokubuka, kufanele uthuthukise kabusha uhlelo lokubuka, olungeke lukhulise isikhathi sentuthuko nezindleko, kodwa futhi nohlelo lwe-automation ngemuva kokuhanjiswa kobunzima bokugcina.

Ubugovu beAma-IPCkanye Hmis

Ubugovu lwama-IPC

Ama-IPC ashukunyiswa ukusebenza kwezinzile ezindaweni ezinokhahlo njengamazinga okushisa aphezulu, uthuli kanye nokudlidliza. Idizayini engenamsoco, izakhi zebanga lezezimboni, nokwakhiwa okuthembekile kuvumela amandla okumelana nezinselelo zezindawo zezimboni futhi kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile isikhathi eside.

Izici ezigoqiwe ze-HMI

Ensimini yezimboni ezenzakalelayo, imishini efakwe nge-HMI imvamisa ezindaweni ezinokhahlo, ngakho-ke i-HMI kumele ibe nezimpawu ezilandelayo ezimangele

Ukuphikiswa okushaqisayo: I-HMIS imvamisa ifakwe ezindaweni ezivunguvukala njalo, njengokukhiqiza izitshalo noma imishini yeselula, futhi kudingeka ukwazi ukubekezelela ukudlidliza okuvumayo nokuqiniseka ngezikhathi ezithile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaphazanyiswa.

Ububanzi bokushisa obubanzi: I-HMIS kufanele ibe nobubanzi bokushisa obungu-20

Isilinganiso sokuvikelwa: Ezindaweni lapho imishini lapho imishini idinga ukuhlanzwa njalo, njengezitshalo zokudla zokudla, i-HMIS idinga okungenani ukuthi i-IP65 ilinganiselwe ukuze ivikeleke ekuvikeleni uthuli.

Idizayini engenamsindo: Ezindaweni ezinjengama-sawmill kanye nokwakhiwa, umklamo ongenamfashini uvimbela izinhlayiya ezinjenge-sawdust kanye nokuhlunga kwensimbi kusuka ekungeneni kwempilo yayo.

Ukuvikelwa kwamandla: I-HMIS kufanele ibe nobubanzi be-voltage ebanzi (9-48VDC), kanye nokuvikelwa okungaphezulu kwamandla aphezulu, ukukhishwa kwamanje nange-electrostatic (ESD) ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kanye nokwethenjwa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zezimboni.

Ukukhetha nini i-IPC?

Lapho ubhekene nephrojekthi ye-automation ye-automation enkulu, enezinto ezinhle kakhulu ezidinga ukuhambisa i-software evamile, ukuphatha imininingwane emikhulu, noma ukusebenzisa izici ezithuthukile, i-IPC iyisinqumo esingcono. Isibonelo, ohlelweni lokulawula okuzenzakalelayo lwentambo yokukhiqiza yezimoto, i-IPC ingaphatha amanani amakhulu emishini yedatha, run ama-algorithms ayinkimbinkimbi, futhi ugcine umugqa usebenza kahle.

Ukukhetha nini i-HMI?

I-HMI iyindlela esebenza ngempumelelo yezicelo ezidinga ukuqapha okulula nokulawulwa kwe-PLC. Isibonelo, esitshalweni esincane sokudla ukudla, opharetha angabheka kalula futhi alungise amapharamitha okusebenza womshini wokufaka nge-HMI ukufeza izidingo zokukhiqiza zansuku zonke.

Ukugcina

Ama-PC wezimboni(I-IPCS) kanye nezindawo zokusebenzisana kwabantu (HMIS) Dlala izindima ezihlukile ezenzakalweni zezimboni, kepha zombili zibalulekile: Ama-IPC alungele ukusebenzisana okubucayi, ukuqina, ngenkathi uHmis ehlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenzisana okulula nokusebenza okusebenzayo. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzayo, ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwalezi ezimbili, ukuze wenze isinqumo esifanele ngokuya ngezidingo zephrojekthi, ukuze uhlelo lwezenzelwa lwezimboni lukhulise ukusebenza.