Chii chinonzi IPC uye zvinoshanda sei?
2025-04-27
Mukushanda kwakaoma kwemakomputa masisitimu emakomputa, kushanda pamwe nekubatana pakati pezvirongwa zvakasiyana uye maitiro akakosha. Semuenzaniso, mune yekutenga online platform, maitiro ekuratidzira ruzivo rwechigadzirwa mune mushandisi interface, kugadzirisa mirairo kumashure, uye kudyidzana nehurongwa hwekubhadhara zvese zvinoda kushanda pamwechete. Maitiro aya anoita sei zvinobudirira? Mhinduro iri muInterproccess kutaurirana (IPC).
IPC ndiyo michina uye tekinoroji inoshandiswa nezvirongwa zvinomhanya pakombuta kutaurirana nemumwe uye kugovera data. Zvichingoisa, zvakaita se "postal system" mukati mekombuta inobvumira maitiro akasiyana kana mafaro ekuchinjana ruzivo, kuronga zviitiko zvavo, uye shandira pamwe kuzadzisa zvakananga mabasa.
Mumapato ekutanga emakomputa, zvirongwa zvakamhanya zvakazvimirira, uye zvinodikanwa uye nzira dzekutaurirana-matanho ekutaurirana zvakareruka. Nekuvandudzwa kwekirasi tekinoroji, kunyanya mune akawanda-tasking-tabking uye yakawanda-yakawandisa system, IPC zvishoma nezvishoma ive tekinoroji yakakosha yekutsigira kushanda kwakanaka kwehurongwa hwacho.
Pasina IPC, zvirongwa zvingave zvakaita sezvitsuwa zveruzivo, vachimhanya vachiparadzanisa nevamwe, uye mabasa avo angave mashoma. IPC inopwanya chikamu ichi uye inogonesa kugovana data, kuyananisa uye kuwirirana uye kuwirirana kwemabasa pakati pezvirongwa zvakasiyana kuti uvake zvine simba uye zvakaringana software masisitimu.
Kutora bhurawuza semuenzaniso, injini yekupa ndiyo ine basa rekurongedza uye kuratidza webhu zvemukati, nepo injavascript Injini inobata pfungwa yekudyidzana muWebhu peji. Kupfuura IPC, imbini mbiri idzi dzinogona kushanda pamwe chete kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti miganho ine simba yewebhu peji uye kuratidzwa kwezvinyorwa zvakanyatsobatanidzwa, nokudaro vachipa vashandisi vane ruzivo rwakanaka rwebhuruu. Panguva imwecheteyo, IPC inovandudza maitiro ese ehurongwa, kudzivisa kutambisa zviwanikwa nekubatanidza maitiro mazhinji, uye kuvandudza kutevedzera kwesistimu uye kushanda zvakanaka.
IPC inotsigira kuchinjana kweruzivo pakati pematanho kuburikidza neye akatevedzana maitiro ekutaurirana uye protocol. Zvakajairika IPC michina inosanganisira ndangariro dzakagovaniswa, meseji inopfuura, mapaipi, zvigadziko, uye kure kure kufona (RPC).
Kugoverwa ndangariro kunobvumira maitiro akawanda kuti uwane iyo nzvimbo imwecheteyo yekuyeuka, uye maitiro anogona kuverenga uye kunyora data zvakananga kubva mundangariro idzi. Iyi nzira yekutamiswa kwedata kwakanyanya nekukurumidza nekuti inodzivisa kutevedzera data pakati pemaziso akasiyana ekuyeuka. Nekudaro, zvakare ine njodzi yekuti kana mafambiro akawanda achiwana uye kugadzirisa data panguva imwe chete, kushomeka kweiyo inoshanda system inogona kukonzera kuvhiringidza data uye kukanganisa. Naizvozvo, zvinowanzo kuve madikanwa kuti uzvisanganise nechimiro chekuvhara kana kusaina kuvimbisa kusakwana uye kuvimbika kwedata.
Kutumira mameseji inzira yekutaurirana pakati pematanho nekutumira uye kugamuchira mishonga mishonga. Zvichienderana nemamiriro ekutumira mameseji, inogona kukamurwa mu synchronous neasynchronous. Synchronous Messagy inoda kuti vatumire kumirira mhinduro kubva kune anogamuchira mushure mekutumira meseji, nepo asyynchoronous mester kutumira meseji uye oenderera mberi nekuita mamwe mashandiro asina kumirira mhinduro. Iyi michina yakakodzera mamiriro ezvinhu apo chairo ruzivo runofanira kupfuudzwa pakati pezvakasiyana maitiro, asi nezvinodiwa chaizvo-nguva.
Iyo pombi inzira imwe chete kana mbiri-nzira yekutaurirana nzira iyo inogona kushandiswa kuendesa data pakati pematanho maviri. Mapipi anowanzoshandiswa mune shell zvinyorwa, semuenzaniso, kushandisa zvakabuditsa chibvumirano chekuraira chimwe chete sekuisa kweumwe. Mapipi anowanzoitwawo muhurongwa hwekuita kuti unyararire data kutamisa uye kubatana pakati pemabatiro.
Zvigadziko zvinonyanya kushandiswa kutaurirana munzvimbo yematareji. Kuburikidza nezvigadziko, maitiro anowanikwa pamakomputa akasiyana anogona kubatana kune mumwe nemumwe uye extrain data. Mune iyo yakajairika mutengi-server kuvaka, iyo mutengi inotumira zvikumbiro kune seva kuburikidza nezvigadziko, uye server inodzoka mhinduro kuburikidza nezvigadziko, ichiziva data rekudyidzana uye gadziriro yebasa.
RPC inobvumira maitiro ekudaidza maitiro mune imwe kero nzvimbo (kazhinji pane imwe kombiyuta yeKufona
Nepo makomendi ese maindasitiri (IPCS) uye kutengeserana desktops ane cpus, memory, uye kuchengetedza sechikamu chezvikamu zvavo zvemukati, pane misiyano yakakosha mukugadzirwa kwavo uye zviitiko zvekushandisa.
Iyo ipc yakagadzirirwa guruva enzvimbo dzakadai sefekitori auto uye mining. Yayo yakasarudzika inokambaira inobvisa mavheti ekutonhora, zvichinyatso kudzivirira guruva uye zvimwe zvimedu zvekupinda mukombuta.
Nekuda kwekudziya tembiricha, vibrations, uye kuwanda kwemagetsi munzvimbo dzepamhepo, zvinhu zvemukati zveIPC zvinogadzirwa nemidziyo yezvigadzirwa zvinokatyamadza iyo inogona kutsungirira tembiricha uye inosvikiswa. Iyo yekunze inowanzoitwa neakavharwa aluminium chassis iyo isingadziviriri zvikamu zvemukati, asiwo zvinoita sekupisa kwekubatsira kupisa kupisa kubva pane zvakashata zvakadai seCPU, ndangariro, uye kuchengetedza.
Mazhinji maindasitiri ekushandisa anoda makomputa ayo anogona kushanda mukudziya kwakanyanya. IPC inoshandisa iyo fungidziro system dhizaini iyo inoshandisa kupisa zvinonyura uye kupisa mapaipi kuti uchengetedze yakashanda tembiricha yekushisa. Dhizaini iyi inodzivirira dambudziko rekutadza kwekutadza nekuda kweguruva uye anovimbisa kuti iyo IPC inogona kushanda mukutonhora kwakanyanya kana kupisa.
Maindasitiri maindasitiri anowanzo kushandisa zvigadzirwa zveindasitiri Chikamu chega chega, kubva kuPCB mamaBoard kune capacitors, inosarudzwa nokungwarira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti komputa yekupedzisira maindasitiri yakagadzirirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa neakakura-huwandu hwefekitori.
IPCS haisi chete guruva, asi zvakare ine imwe yekugona kwemvura kugona. Mune maindasitiri akadai sekugadzirwa kwechikafu uye makemikari ekugadzira, automation zvishandiso zvinowanzoda kucheneswa mumatanho ekudzivirira eIP uye shandisa Special M12 Convess kudzivirira kukuvara kwemvura.
IPC inoshandiswa mune yakakura huwandu hwezviitiko. Zvimwe zviitiko zvinowanzoitika zvinosanganisira:
MuMugadziri-mutengi muenzaniso, maitiro mumwe ane basa rekugadzirwa kwedatha, uye imwe nzira ine basa rekushandisa data. Mune mumwe mutengi-mutengi muenzaniso, maitiro mumwe ane basa rekugadzira data uye mumwe ane basa rekuzvipedza. Iine IPC, mafambiro maviri anogona kugadzirisa zvavanoita kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti kumhanya kwekugadzira uye kunwa kwakadaro kwakafanana, kunzvenga kudzosera data kana kumirira kwekushandisa.
Mune mutengi-server Architecture, chirongwa chemutengi chinotaurirana ne server kuburikidza neIPC kukumbira masevhisi kana data rekuchinjana. Semuenzaniso, mepu application pane imwe foni inokumbira mapepa emepu data uye ruzivo rwekufamba kubva kumepu server kuburikidza nePep
Mune yakawanda-core processor kana kugovera computer system, maitiro akawanda kana tambo dzinomhanya dzinoda kutaurirana uye kugovera data zvakanyatsoshandisa computa revanhu uye kugadzirisa maitiro uye kushanda kwemakomputa.
Signal marefu, kusarudzika kusarudzika kwemakiyi, uye mamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana mumakhinakiti eIPC anogona kushandiswa kuronga mukana wekuwana akawanda maitiro ekugovaniswa. Semuenzaniso, apo maitiro akawanda achiwana database panguva imwe chete, mumsex makiyi anochengetedza kuti maitiro mumwe chete anogona kunyorera kune dhatabhesi panguva, kudzivirira data kusawirirana uye kusapindirana.
IPC inogonesa kutaurirana uye kugona kugovana pakati pemaitiro, izvo zvinovandudza zvakanaka uye kuchinjika kwesoftware software; Nekurongedza mashandiro emabasa mazhinji, anowedzera kugoverwa kwezvinhu zviwanikwa uye anowana zviri nani zvachose kushanda kwakawanda; Iyo zvakare ndiyo hwaro hwekuvakwa yakagoverwa masisitimu, kutsigira mari yekubatana mumakomputa nemitezo; Panguva imwecheteyo, IPC inopa mukana wekushandisa akasiyana siyana yekuwirirana uye panguva imwe chete, IPC zvakare inopa mukana wekuenderana uye kutaurirana protocols, uye inoisa hwaro hwekuvakwa kweiyo yakaoma software.
IPC, seyakajaira tekinoroji yekukurukurirana-process yekukurukurirana kwemakomputa, inoita basa risingaperi mukuwedzera mabasa ekushanda software, kugadzirisa system system, uye kutsigira kugovera computing. Nezvemakomputa aro akasiyana, maindasitiri ekushanda anoisa IPC tekinoroji mune hutsinye maindasitiri endustraal nharaunda yekuona mashandiro okushanda kwemaindasitiri uye mamwe minda. Nekukura kwekuenderera kwekirasi tekinoroji, IPC icharamba ichishanduka uye kupa rutsigiro rwakasimba kuti zvive zvakaoma uye zvine hungwaru mapepa mune ramangwana. Kune nyanzvi dzehunyanzvi nehunyanzvi, kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwenheyo uye mashandisiro eIPC kuchabatsira kuziva mabasa anoshanda uye ane simba mukuvandudza software uye dhizaini system.
Chii chinonzi Interpolccess Kukurukurirana (IPC)?
IPC ndiyo michina uye tekinoroji inoshandiswa nezvirongwa zvinomhanya pakombuta kutaurirana nemumwe uye kugovera data. Zvichingoisa, zvakaita se "postal system" mukati mekombuta inobvumira maitiro akasiyana kana mafaro ekuchinjana ruzivo, kuronga zviitiko zvavo, uye shandira pamwe kuzadzisa zvakananga mabasa.
Mumapato ekutanga emakomputa, zvirongwa zvakamhanya zvakazvimirira, uye zvinodikanwa uye nzira dzekutaurirana-matanho ekutaurirana zvakareruka. Nekuvandudzwa kwekirasi tekinoroji, kunyanya mune akawanda-tasking-tabking uye yakawanda-yakawandisa system, IPC zvishoma nezvishoma ive tekinoroji yakakosha yekutsigira kushanda kwakanaka kwehurongwa hwacho.
Nei iriIPCzvakakosha mu computing?
Pasina IPC, zvirongwa zvingave zvakaita sezvitsuwa zveruzivo, vachimhanya vachiparadzanisa nevamwe, uye mabasa avo angave mashoma. IPC inopwanya chikamu ichi uye inogonesa kugovana data, kuyananisa uye kuwirirana uye kuwirirana kwemabasa pakati pezvirongwa zvakasiyana kuti uvake zvine simba uye zvakaringana software masisitimu.
Kutora bhurawuza semuenzaniso, injini yekupa ndiyo ine basa rekurongedza uye kuratidza webhu zvemukati, nepo injavascript Injini inobata pfungwa yekudyidzana muWebhu peji. Kupfuura IPC, imbini mbiri idzi dzinogona kushanda pamwe chete kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti miganho ine simba yewebhu peji uye kuratidzwa kwezvinyorwa zvakanyatsobatanidzwa, nokudaro vachipa vashandisi vane ruzivo rwakanaka rwebhuruu. Panguva imwecheteyo, IPC inovandudza maitiro ese ehurongwa, kudzivisa kutambisa zviwanikwa nekubatanidza maitiro mazhinji, uye kuvandudza kutevedzera kwesistimu uye kushanda zvakanaka.
Zvinodaro seiIPCShanda?
IPC inotsigira kuchinjana kweruzivo pakati pematanho kuburikidza neye akatevedzana maitiro ekutaurirana uye protocol. Zvakajairika IPC michina inosanganisira ndangariro dzakagovaniswa, meseji inopfuura, mapaipi, zvigadziko, uye kure kure kufona (RPC).
Yakagoverwa ndangariro
Kugoverwa ndangariro kunobvumira maitiro akawanda kuti uwane iyo nzvimbo imwecheteyo yekuyeuka, uye maitiro anogona kuverenga uye kunyora data zvakananga kubva mundangariro idzi. Iyi nzira yekutamiswa kwedata kwakanyanya nekukurumidza nekuti inodzivisa kutevedzera data pakati pemaziso akasiyana ekuyeuka. Nekudaro, zvakare ine njodzi yekuti kana mafambiro akawanda achiwana uye kugadzirisa data panguva imwe chete, kushomeka kweiyo inoshanda system inogona kukonzera kuvhiringidza data uye kukanganisa. Naizvozvo, zvinowanzo kuve madikanwa kuti uzvisanganise nechimiro chekuvhara kana kusaina kuvimbisa kusakwana uye kuvimbika kwedata.
Kutumira mameseji
Kutumira mameseji inzira yekutaurirana pakati pematanho nekutumira uye kugamuchira mishonga mishonga. Zvichienderana nemamiriro ekutumira mameseji, inogona kukamurwa mu synchronous neasynchronous. Synchronous Messagy inoda kuti vatumire kumirira mhinduro kubva kune anogamuchira mushure mekutumira meseji, nepo asyynchoronous mester kutumira meseji uye oenderera mberi nekuita mamwe mashandiro asina kumirira mhinduro. Iyi michina yakakodzera mamiriro ezvinhu apo chairo ruzivo runofanira kupfuudzwa pakati pezvakasiyana maitiro, asi nezvinodiwa chaizvo-nguva.
Pombi
Iyo pombi inzira imwe chete kana mbiri-nzira yekutaurirana nzira iyo inogona kushandiswa kuendesa data pakati pematanho maviri. Mapipi anowanzoshandiswa mune shell zvinyorwa, semuenzaniso, kushandisa zvakabuditsa chibvumirano chekuraira chimwe chete sekuisa kweumwe. Mapipi anowanzoitwawo muhurongwa hwekuita kuti unyararire data kutamisa uye kubatana pakati pemabatiro.
Zvigadziko
Zvigadziko zvinonyanya kushandiswa kutaurirana munzvimbo yematareji. Kuburikidza nezvigadziko, maitiro anowanikwa pamakomputa akasiyana anogona kubatana kune mumwe nemumwe uye extrain data. Mune iyo yakajairika mutengi-server kuvaka, iyo mutengi inotumira zvikumbiro kune seva kuburikidza nezvigadziko, uye server inodzoka mhinduro kuburikidza nezvigadziko, ichiziva data rekudyidzana uye gadziriro yebasa.
Remote Forcedure Call (RPC)
RPC inobvumira maitiro ekudaidza maitiro mune imwe kero nzvimbo (kazhinji pane imwe kombiyuta yeKufona
Mutsauko uripo pakati peUnganauye yekutengesa desktop komputa
Nepo makomendi ese maindasitiri (IPCS) uye kutengeserana desktops ane cpus, memory, uye kuchengetedza sechikamu chezvikamu zvavo zvemukati, pane misiyano yakakosha mukugadzirwa kwavo uye zviitiko zvekushandisa.
Guruva uye tangi rinodzivirira dhizaini
Iyo ipc yakagadzirirwa guruva enzvimbo dzakadai sefekitori auto uye mining. Yayo yakasarudzika inokambaira inobvisa mavheti ekutonhora, zvichinyatso kudzivirira guruva uye zvimwe zvimedu zvekupinda mukombuta.
Chakakosha fomu factor
Nekuda kwekudziya tembiricha, vibrations, uye kuwanda kwemagetsi munzvimbo dzepamhepo, zvinhu zvemukati zveIPC zvinogadzirwa nemidziyo yezvigadzirwa zvinokatyamadza iyo inogona kutsungirira tembiricha uye inosvikiswa. Iyo yekunze inowanzoitwa neakavharwa aluminium chassis iyo isingadziviriri zvikamu zvemukati, asiwo zvinoita sekupisa kwekubatsira kupisa kupisa kubva pane zvakashata zvakadai seCPU, ndangariro, uye kuchengetedza.
Tembiricha yekushivirira
Mazhinji maindasitiri ekushandisa anoda makomputa ayo anogona kushanda mukudziya kwakanyanya. IPC inoshandisa iyo fungidziro system dhizaini iyo inoshandisa kupisa zvinonyura uye kupisa mapaipi kuti uchengetedze yakashanda tembiricha yekushisa. Dhizaini iyi inodzivirira dambudziko rekutadza kwekutadza nekuda kweguruva uye anovimbisa kuti iyo IPC inogona kushanda mukutonhora kwakanyanya kana kupisa.
Component mhando
Maindasitiri maindasitiri anowanzo kushandisa zvigadzirwa zveindasitiri Chikamu chega chega, kubva kuPCB mamaBoard kune capacitors, inosarudzwa nokungwarira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti komputa yekupedzisira maindasitiri yakagadzirirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa neakakura-huwandu hwefekitori.
IP Rated
IPCS haisi chete guruva, asi zvakare ine imwe yekugona kwemvura kugona. Mune maindasitiri akadai sekugadzirwa kwechikafu uye makemikari ekugadzira, automation zvishandiso zvinowanzoda kucheneswa mumatanho ekudzivirira eIP uye shandisa Special M12 Convess kudzivirira kukuvara kwemvura.
Ndedzipi dzimwe nyaya dzinozivikanwa dzekushandisaIPC?
IPC inoshandiswa mune yakakura huwandu hwezviitiko. Zvimwe zviitiko zvinowanzoitika zvinosanganisira:
Process Kurongeka
MuMugadziri-mutengi muenzaniso, maitiro mumwe ane basa rekugadzirwa kwedatha, uye imwe nzira ine basa rekushandisa data. Mune mumwe mutengi-mutengi muenzaniso, maitiro mumwe ane basa rekugadzira data uye mumwe ane basa rekuzvipedza. Iine IPC, mafambiro maviri anogona kugadzirisa zvavanoita kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti kumhanya kwekugadzira uye kunwa kwakadaro kwakafanana, kunzvenga kudzosera data kana kumirira kwekushandisa.
Kutaurirana nemabatiro ekunze
Mune mutengi-server Architecture, chirongwa chemutengi chinotaurirana ne server kuburikidza neIPC kukumbira masevhisi kana data rekuchinjana. Semuenzaniso, mepu application pane imwe foni inokumbira mapepa emepu data uye ruzivo rwekufamba kubva kumepu server kuburikidza nePep
Kufanana komputa
Mune yakawanda-core processor kana kugovera computer system, maitiro akawanda kana tambo dzinomhanya dzinoda kutaurirana uye kugovera data zvakanyatsoshandisa computa revanhu uye kugadzirisa maitiro uye kushanda kwemakomputa.
Inter-process Synchronization
Signal marefu, kusarudzika kusarudzika kwemakiyi, uye mamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana mumakhinakiti eIPC anogona kushandiswa kuronga mukana wekuwana akawanda maitiro ekugovaniswa. Semuenzaniso, apo maitiro akawanda achiwana database panguva imwe chete, mumsex makiyi anochengetedza kuti maitiro mumwe chete anogona kunyorera kune dhatabhesi panguva, kudzivirira data kusawirirana uye kusapindirana.
Zvakanakira zveIPC
IPC inogonesa kutaurirana uye kugona kugovana pakati pemaitiro, izvo zvinovandudza zvakanaka uye kuchinjika kwesoftware software; Nekurongedza mashandiro emabasa mazhinji, anowedzera kugoverwa kwezvinhu zviwanikwa uye anowana zviri nani zvachose kushanda kwakawanda; Iyo zvakare ndiyo hwaro hwekuvakwa yakagoverwa masisitimu, kutsigira mari yekubatana mumakomputa nemitezo; Panguva imwecheteyo, IPC inopa mukana wekushandisa akasiyana siyana yekuwirirana uye panguva imwe chete, IPC zvakare inopa mukana wekuenderana uye kutaurirana protocols, uye inoisa hwaro hwekuvakwa kweiyo yakaoma software.
Mhedziso
IPC, seyakajaira tekinoroji yekukurukurirana-process yekukurukurirana kwemakomputa, inoita basa risingaperi mukuwedzera mabasa ekushanda software, kugadzirisa system system, uye kutsigira kugovera computing. Nezvemakomputa aro akasiyana, maindasitiri ekushanda anoisa IPC tekinoroji mune hutsinye maindasitiri endustraal nharaunda yekuona mashandiro okushanda kwemaindasitiri uye mamwe minda. Nekukura kwekuenderera kwekirasi tekinoroji, IPC icharamba ichishanduka uye kupa rutsigiro rwakasimba kuti zvive zvakaoma uye zvine hungwaru mapepa mune ramangwana. Kune nyanzvi dzehunyanzvi nehunyanzvi, kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwenheyo uye mashandisiro eIPC kuchabatsira kuziva mabasa anoshanda uye ane simba mukuvandudza software uye dhizaini system.
Yakakurudzirwa